The USS Summit County (LST 1146) was a tank landing ship built in the post-World War II era, a period marked by advancements in engineering and ship construction. Its construction began on February 8, 1945, at the Chicago Bridge & Iron Company shipyard in Seneca, Illinois, a renowned facility for building naval vessels. The ship was launched on May 5, 1945, and entered service with the United States Navy on May 29, 1945, just as the war came to a close. The development of LST 1146 was part of a broader effort to enhance the Navy's capabilities, ensuring America's ability to project power and provide logistical support for ground operations worldwide.
Named after Summit County, Ohio, the USS Summit County followed the tradition of naming tank landing ships after U.S. counties, fostering a connection between the Navy and the American public. Summit County had a rich industrial history, making it a fitting tribute to a vessel that would serve national military efforts. The naming also honored the county’s residents for their contributions to both local industry and the broader fabric of American society.
The USS Summit County was a prime example of the versatility and innovation of the LST (Landing Ship, Tank) class. Measuring 328 feet in length, with a beam of 50 feet and a displacement of approximately 3,960 tons when fully loaded, the ship was designed to carry tanks, vehicles, and troops directly to shore during amphibious assaults. Its bow doors and ramp enabled it to unload cargo in challenging environments, making it an invaluable asset for military operations. Additionally, the ship was equipped with anti-aircraft guns to defend against aerial threats in hostile areas.
The impact of the USS Summit County on the U.S. Navy was significant, showcasing the technological advancements and strategic importance of amphibious warfare during the mid-20th century. Ships like the Summit County played vital roles in supporting ground forces and ensuring the success of amphibious assaults. Its design and operational legacy contributed to the evolution of naval strategy and shipbuilding practices, shaping the future of amphibious operations for years to come.
As a member of the LST 542 class, a subset of the LST 1 class developed during World War II, the USS Summit County was specifically designed to transport and deploy tanks, vehicles, cargo, and troops directly onto shorelines, bypassing the need for port facilities. This capability was especially crucial in the Pacific Theater, where many islands lacked suitable port infrastructure. The LST 542 class featured several improvements over earlier models, including a reinforced bow, upgraded ballast systems, and enhanced crew living quarters, ensuring the ship’s effectiveness and crew comfort during extended deployments.
Upon its commissioning, the USS Summit County joined the Pacific Fleet and participated in occupation duties and training exercises. Its ability to transport personnel and equipment made it a key asset during the Korean War, where it supported amphibious landings and logistical operations. The ship's introduction underscored the importance of maintaining a capable and adaptable fleet to meet evolving military needs, cementing the USS Summit County's role in advancing U.S. military objectives around the world.
Steel Behemoth: Unveiling the Structure, Technology, and Armament of USS Summit County LST-1146
The USS Summit County (LST 1146) was a tank landing ship (LST) in the United States Navy, specifically designed to transport vehicles, cargo, and troops directly to shore without the need for docking facilities. Its practical and durable design featured a hull that enabled it to beach itself and unload cargo directly onto the shore, a crucial capability for conducting operations in remote or combat zones. The ship's dimensions, measuring approximately 328 feet in length and 50 feet in beam, provided ample space for both personnel and equipment. The reinforced deck was capable of supporting the weight of heavy vehicles like tanks, and the bow doors and ramp allowed for efficient unloading in hostile environments.
In terms of propulsion, the Summit County was powered by two General Motors 12-567 diesel engines, generating a combined 1,700 horsepower. This gave the vessel a top speed of 12 knots, which, while not fast, was suitable for its primary role of amphibious assault. For navigation and communication, the ship was equipped with radar and radio systems to ensure effective operations in challenging conditions. A ballast system further enhanced its versatility, allowing it to adjust its draft for easier navigation in shallow waters and for beach landings.
For defense, the Summit County was equipped with a variety of weapons to protect itself and its cargo during missions. Its primary armament consisted of two twin 40mm anti-aircraft guns, providing robust defense against enemy aircraft. In addition, the ship was outfitted with 20mm Oerlikon cannons to target smaller surface threats and provide secondary anti-aircraft protection. This armament made the Summit County well-equipped to handle enemy fire while conducting beach landings and unloading critical supplies.
Beyond its mounted guns, the Summit County also carried small arms and ammunition for its crew and embarked troops, including rifles, machine guns, and grenades. These weapons were essential for self-defense and supporting ground assaults once on land. The ship's combination of light weaponry, strong armament, and amphibious design made it a versatile asset in the U.S. Navy’s fleet, capable of performing a wide range of missions—from direct assaults to providing critical logistical support. Its ability to transport and unload personnel and equipment in combat zones made it a vital tool in amphibious operations.
USS Summit County LST-1146 Crew Member Reports of Time Aboard
The USS Summit County (LST-1146) holds a special place in the hearts of its former crew members, as evidenced by the memories they have shared in the ship's guestbook. These recollections paint a vivid picture of camaraderie, personal growth, and significant life events that took place during their service aboard the vessel.
Thomas Haack, who served as an Ensign and later a Lieutenant Junior Grade in 1968, fondly recalls the strong bonds he formed with his fellow officers. He specifically mentions CO Blackmon, XO Butterfield, and his fellow junior officers Corrigan, Pruitt, and Wolf. For Haack, the friendships he made on the Summit County were invaluable, and he cherishes the opportunity to reunite with his Navy buddies.
Chuck Roles, who served as a Quartermaster Third Class (QM3) in 1965, shares his experience of being part of the ship's first mission to Vietnam. It was during this mission that he received his QM3 rating in Da Nang. Roles' time on the Summit County was a stepping stone in his naval career, as he transferred to the USS Washtenaw County (LST 1166) in 1966.
Dwight Wolf, who served as an Ensign in 1969, reflects on his first assignment after Officer Candidate School (OCS). He speaks highly of the crew and officers, noting how much he learned during his time on the ship. Wolf also mentions a significant personal milestone—getting married in June—which made his time in San Diego even more memorable. He expresses gratitude to Capt. Blackmon for helping him qualify as an underway Officer of the Deck (OOD), and he fondly remembers the camaraderie of the radio gang.
These shared memories highlight the USS Summit County as more than just a naval vessel; it was a place where lifelong friendships were forged, careers were advanced, and personal milestones were celebrated. The experiences of Haack, Roles, and Wolf collectively underscore the profound impact that serving aboard the Summit County had on their lives.
USS Summit County LST-1146: Evolution of a Naval Workhorse
The USS Summit County (LST 1146) underwent a series of upgrades over its long service life, enhancing its capabilities and extending its usefulness within the U.S. Navy. Initially commissioned in 1945 as part of the LST 542 class, the ship saw significant technological and structural improvements during its career. In the 1950s, it was equipped with advanced radar and communication systems, improving its precision and enabling better coordination with other naval units. Upgrades were also made to its propulsion system, boosting both speed and fuel efficiency, allowing the ship to carry out extended missions without the need for frequent refueling stops.
The Summit County proved highly versatile, adapting to the evolving needs of the U.S. Navy over the decades. Originally designed to transport vehicles, cargo, and troops to shore without the need for docking facilities, the ship played a vital role in amphibious assaults and logistical operations. During the Korean War, the ship participated in key missions such as the Inchon Landing, delivering heavy equipment and personnel directly to the battlefield. Its ability to quickly deploy resources made it indispensable to U.S. military operations during this time.
Beyond its combat duties, the Summit County also adapted to support a range of other missions. In the years following World War II, it took on humanitarian roles, providing vital assistance during disaster relief efforts and supporting scientific research expeditions. These non-combat operations showcased the ship’s versatility and its ability to serve the Navy in peace as well as in wartime.
During the Vietnam War, the Summit County continued to provide logistical support, playing a key role in deploying troops and materials to critical areas. Its sturdy construction and adaptability allowed it to operate effectively in diverse environments, from the challenging river deltas of Vietnam to open-water operations. By transporting supplies and reinforcements, the ship significantly bolstered the operational capabilities of U.S. forces in the region.
In addition to its combat and logistical missions, the Summit County contributed to peacetime efforts, frequently participating in disaster relief missions to provide aid after natural disasters. The ship’s capacity to transport large quantities of supplies while operating in challenging environments made it an invaluable asset during humanitarian crises.
The ship also supported scientific endeavors, taking part in exploration expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctic. These missions advanced oceanographic and environmental research, contributing to the Navy's scientific efforts and global understanding of polar regions.
Through its diverse range of missions—ranging from combat support to humanitarian aid and scientific research—the USS Summit County demonstrated the flexibility and resilience that defined the U.S. Navy’s fleet. Its adaptability and steadfast service made it a crucial asset for over four decades, embodying the Navy's commitment to meeting both wartime and peacetime challenges.
USS Summit County LST-1146: A Legacy of Valor and Versatility on the High Seas
During its service, the USS Summit County (LST 1146) played a key role in several important military operations. Launched in 1945, the ship was initially assigned to the Pacific Theater during the final stages of World War II. While it missed direct combat engagements, it proved indispensable in war occupation tasks, transporting troops and supplies to various Pacific locations. Thanks to its robust design and versatility, the ship quickly became an essential asset for logistical support—an important duty it would continue to perform in subsequent conflicts.
In the Korean War, the Summit County was actively involved in several key operations, most notably the historic Inchon Landing in September 1950. Led by General Douglas MacArthur, this bold amphibious assault was a turning point in the war, aimed at recapturing Seoul and shifting momentum in favor of United Nations forces. The Summit County’s ability to deliver troops, vehicles, and supplies directly onto enemy shores was crucial to the success of this operation. For its efforts during the Korean War, the ship earned the Korean Service Medal with battle stars, recognizing its vital contributions.
The Summit County continued to demonstrate its versatility and dependability during the Vietnam War. Deployed to Southeast Asia, the ship participated in a wide range of missions, including transporting troops, delivering supplies, and evacuating the wounded. Its design allowed it to navigate the challenging waters of Vietnam's rivers and coasts, enabling the Navy to conduct operations in areas that would otherwise have been inaccessible. The ship’s crew faced numerous challenges, including navigating mine-infested waters and enduring enemy fire. Yet, they carried out their missions with unwavering commitment and professionalism. In recognition of its service, the Summit County was awarded the Vietnam Service Medal and the Republic of Vietnam Campaign Medal.
Over the course of its career, the Summit County received numerous accolades that reflected the exceptional performance of both the ship and its crew. In addition to its Vietnam campaign honors, the ship earned the Navy Unit Commendation for its outstanding service. These awards serve as a lasting tribute to the ship’s vital role in U.S. military efforts, and to the courage and dedication of those who served aboard her.
The rich history of the USS Summit County remains an important chapter in U.S. Navy history, showcasing the valor, strength, and commitment that defined both the ship and its crew. The legacy of the Summit County endures, symbolizing the enduring impact of amphibious warfare and the critical role of landing ships in U.S. military operations.
USS Summit County LST-1146 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | LST-542 Class Tank Landing Ship |
| Commissioned | May 30, 1945 |
| Displacement | 4,145 tons |
| Length | 328 feet |
| Beam | 50 feet |
| Draft | 14.1 feet |
| Speed | 12 knots |
| Complement | 7 Officers 104 Enlisted |