The USS England (CG 22) was a guided missile cruiser of the Leahy class, constructed for the United States Navy. Construction commenced on October 4, 1960, at Todd Shipyards in Seattle, Washington, and the ship was launched on March 6, 1962. This project was part of the Navy's Cold War efforts to enhance its capabilities with advanced missile systems and radar technology to effectively counter surface threats.
The ship was named in honor of Ensign John C. England, a naval officer renowned for his heroism during the Pearl Harbor attack on December 7, 1941. Despite being aboard the USS Oklahoma (BB 37) when it was struck by torpedoes, Ensign England fearlessly rescued fellow crew members before ultimately losing his life. Naming the USS England (CG 22) after him reflected the Navy's admiration for his valor and selflessness.
A notable feature of the USS England was its state-of-the-art missile systems, which were considered advanced at the time of its deployment. The ship was equipped with the Terrier surface-to-air missile system for air defense, along with the AN/SPS-48 three-dimensional air search radar and the AN/SPS-49 two-dimensional air search radar, providing comprehensive surveillance and tracking capabilities for aerial targets. With its design and robust propulsion system, the USS England was capable of effectively operating in diverse maritime environments, ranging from open seas to coastal areas.
The impact of the USS England on the U.S. Navy was significant, representing a strategic advancement in naval warfare. Its sophisticated missile systems and radar technology set a benchmark for guided missile cruisers, influencing subsequent warship designs. Throughout its service, the USS England participated in numerous operations and drills, demonstrating the effectiveness of its systems and contributing to the Navy's objective of achieving maritime superiority. The vessel's performance underscored the importance of technological progress in modern warfare.
The USS England was part of the Leahy class of guided missile cruisers, designed primarily for air defense purposes. These vessels were among the first classified as "enders," equipped with missile launchers at both the bow and stern, providing comprehensive defensive capabilities. The primary role of these cruisers was to protect carrier battle groups and other valuable assets from missile threats. The USS England, alongside its sister ships, played a critical role in ensuring the security and operational effectiveness of the Navy's carrier strike groups during the Cold War era and beyond.
The USS England was officially commissioned on December 7, 1963, a date chosen to honor those who perished in the Pearl Harbor attack. The commissioning ceremony was conducted with reverence and pride, marking the commencement of the ship's service in the U.S. Navy. Throughout its operational history, the USS England served admirably, participating in missions and training exercises worldwide. Its commissioning heralded the beginning of a legacy that established it as a vital asset within the Navy's fleet, embodying values such as bravery, innovation, and unwavering commitment to duty.
USS England CG-22: A Technological Marvel of Naval Warfare
During the Cold War era, the USS England (CG 22) distinguished itself as a notable Leahy class guided missile cruiser, recognized for its innovative design and formidable capabilities. Measuring approximately 547 feet in length and displacing 7,800 tons, this vessel was engineered to withstand the rigors of extensive deployments. Its superstructure was meticulously designed to accommodate advanced radar and communication systems, ensuring effective coordination with other naval units. The USS England also provided ample living quarters for the crew, operational hubs, and maintenance facilities, equipping it well for diverse mission profiles.
Technologically advanced for its time, the USS England featured cutting-edge systems such as the Naval Tactical Data System (NTDS), which facilitated real-time data sharing and coordination with other vessels and aircraft. This system played a critical role in maintaining a comprehensive battlefield overview and executing complex tactical maneuvers. Additionally, the ship was equipped with state-of-the-art radar systems, including the AN/SPS-48 and AN/SPS-49, which enhanced its air and surface surveillance capabilities. These radar systems were further supported by the AN/ missile fire control radar, integral to the ship's guided missile operations. Together, these technologies positioned the USS England as a formidable presence on the open seas.
In terms of armament, the USS England was heavily equipped to fulfill its duties as a guided missile cruiser. Its primary offensive capabilities included Mk 10 missile launchers for deploying RIM-2 Terrier surface-to-air missiles and RGM-84 Harpoon anti-ship missiles, providing the vessel with significant strike capabilities against both aerial and surface threats. Furthermore, the ship was outfitted with two 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose guns, effectively prepared for both air defense and surface engagements. These guns were operated by the Mk 68 gun fire control system, ensuring accurate targeting and rapid responses to threats.
To bolster its defensive capabilities, the USS England was equipped with an array of armaments and countermeasures. It featured the AN/SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite, which provided countermeasures to disrupt or deceive enemy radar and missile systems. Additionally, the ship was armed with two Phalanx Close-In Weapon Systems (CIWS), capable of rapidly firing 20mm rounds to intercept missiles and aircraft. The presence of torpedo launchers further enhanced its capability to engage submarine threats.
With its advanced radar and communication technologies, coupled with an extensive array of weaponry, the USS England was a formidable warship, fully prepared to address a variety of maritime threats.
USS England CG-22 Crew Member Reports of Time Aboard
The USS England (CG-22) holds a special place in the hearts of its former crew members, as evidenced by the numerous guestbook posts that recount their experiences aboard the ship. These memories span from the ship's commissioning in the early 1960s to its decommissioning in the early 1990s, capturing a wide array of personal anecdotes, professional growth, and camaraderie.
**Early Years and Vietnam Era:**
Several crew members from the 1960s recall the ship's early missions, including multiple WestPac (Western Pacific) cruises and operations off the coast of Vietnam. James Howard, a precommissioning crew member, highlights the rescue of downed pilots between Red China and Vietnam. Wiley Graham and Glen Schnoor also recount their Vietnam tours, with Schnoor remembering the ship's role in picking up downed pilots. William Fulmer shares a vivid memory of a galley fire the night before his wedding, while Heller Joseph and John Yancy reflect on their first WestPac cruises and the ship's overhaul in Bath, Maine.
**1970s:**
The 1970s brought a mix of operational duties and personal milestones. Kenneth Aston and John Bodden reminisce about the WestPac tours and the friendships forged at sea. Randy Dodson recalls setting up the first closed-circuit TV station aboard the ship, and Carl Long describes the ship's rigorous operations, including cutting cookies in the Indian Ocean. George Evans, who served as the Fire Control Officer, fondly remembers his double tour of duty and eventual retirement from the USS England.
**1980s:**
The 1980s were marked by significant events and personal achievements. Crew members like Mark Brinkerhoff and Robert Rohbock emphasize the professional growth they experienced, with Brinkerhoff rising from MM3 to MM1 and Rohbock serving as a CWO2. The ship's participation in Operation Desert Shield is noted by Nick Burleson, who recalls the intense effort to repair a steering gear in the Gulf. The camaraderie among the crew is a recurring theme, with Tim Hood, James Neal, and others expressing their appreciation for the friendships and teamwork that defined their service.
**1990s and Decommissioning:**
The final years of the USS England saw a mix of nostalgia and the bittersweet task of decommissioning. B.a Acosta and Doug Anspaugh reflect on the great crew and friendships formed in the early 1990s. Fermin Aque, who was part of the decommissioning crew, views his short tour as a valuable leadership opportunity. Angel Gonzalez, the last person off the ship, poignantly describes lowering the swallow-tail flag that didn't want to come down. Brian Hughson and Peter Valle, both part of the decommissioning crew, share their fond memories and the lasting impact of their time aboard.
**Personal Reflections and Lasting Bonds:**
Throughout the decades, the USS England served as a backdrop for personal growth, professional development, and lifelong friendships. Crew members like Michael Butler and Greg Johnson highlight the ship's role in shaping their careers and lives. The sense of family and camaraderie is a common thread, with many expressing a desire to reconnect with former shipmates. The ship's legacy is also remembered through humorous anecdotes, such as David Greitzer's nightly screenings of "Terminator" during chow time and Mitch Melancon's late-night waxing of the captain's passageway.
In summary, the memories shared by the crew of the USS England (CG-22) paint a vivid picture of life aboard a naval ship. From the early days of Vietnam operations to the final decommissioning, the ship was more than just a vessel; it was a home where sailors forged unbreakable bonds and created lasting memories.
USS England CG-22: Evolution of a Naval Powerhouse and Its Legacy in Modern Warfare
Throughout its service life since its commissioning in 1963, the USS England (CG 22) underwent significant enhancements aimed at bolstering its combat capabilities and adapting to the evolving demands of naval warfare. Initially equipped with the Terrier missile system for air defense, the vessel underwent modernization during the late 1970s and early 1980s. A key upgrade was the integration of the New Threat Upgrade (NTU) system, which notably improved its radar and missile guidance systems, allowing for simultaneous tracking and engagement of airborne targets. Additionally, enhancements to the ship's electronic warfare suite augmented its detection and countermeasure capabilities against enemy threats.
The USS England demonstrated a wide array of mission capabilities that aligned with the operational role of guided missile cruisers. While primarily designed for air defense operations, the vessel was also proficient in anti-submarine warfare (ASW) and surface warfare (SUW) missions. The addition of systems such as the AN/SQS-26 sonar and ASROC (Anti-Submarine Rocket) launcher equipped the USS England to effectively detect and combat various threats. Furthermore, the integration of Harpoon anti-ship missiles expanded its capabilities in surface combat scenarios. With these systems operating in concert, the USS England functioned as a formidable combat vessel, tasked with safeguarding carrier battle groups and other critical naval assets from diverse threats.
During its service, the USS England significantly contributed to the effectiveness and strategic objectives of the United States Navy. Throughout the Cold War era, the ship played a vital role in maintaining security and showcasing American naval strength. It participated in numerous exercises and missions, including NATO drills in the Atlantic and Mediterranean regions, demonstrating its capabilities and ability to operate alongside allied navies. The vessel also undertook deployments to the Western Pacific and Indian Ocean, providing support during tense geopolitical events such as the Vietnam War and the Iran Hostage Crisis. Its presence in these regions underscored the U.S. Navy's commitment to preserving stability and ensuring freedom of navigation.
The legacy of the USS England is characterized by its versatility and enduring service in various operations. Despite advancements in naval technology and strategy, the ship remained a pivotal asset until its decommissioning in 1994. The continual improvements and updates it underwent ensured its capability to meet contemporary combat requirements and uphold U.S. interests globally. The rich history of the USS England highlights the significance of modernization efforts and the strategic importance of guided missile cruisers within the U.S. Navy's arsenal.
USS England CG-22: A Legacy of Valor and Service on the High Seas
The USS England (CG 22) has a distinguished service history marked by deployments and significant contributions to major conflicts. Since its commissioning in 1963, the ship was initially deployed to the Western Pacific, where it played a crucial role during the Vietnam War. Throughout this period, the USS England provided naval gunfire support, conducted search and rescue missions, and participated in blockades. Its advanced radar and missile systems established a formidable presence in the region, ensuring air superiority and maritime security for U.S. and allied forces.
In the 1980s, the USS England actively engaged in operations during the Cold War in both the Pacific and Indian Oceans. The ship's capabilities were rigorously tested through various exercises and patrols aimed at countering naval activities. Notably, in 1987, the USS England participated in Operation Earnest Will, escorting reflagged Kuwaiti oil tankers through the perilous waters of the Persian Gulf amid the Iran-Iraq War. This mission underscored the ship's adaptability and readiness to operate in high-risk environments while safeguarding critical maritime routes for secure commerce.
Throughout its service, the USS England received numerous awards and recognitions that showcased its performance and unwavering dedication. The vessel was honored with Navy Unit Commendations and Meritorious Unit Commendations for its exemplary service during the Vietnam War and Cold War missions. Additionally, the crew's remarkable achievements in training exercises and deployments earned them the Battle Efficiency "E" accolade on multiple occasions. These honors not only acknowledged the ship's excellence but also highlighted the professionalism and commitment of its crew.
The legacy of the USS England was solidified by its decommissioning in 1994, concluding more than thirty years of dedicated service. The ship's contributions to security and its involvement in conflicts have left a lasting impact on naval history. The array of awards and commendations it received serves as a testament to the vessel's capabilities and the dedication of its crew members. As a symbol of power and endurance, the USS England (CG 22) stands as a significant chapter in the history of the United States Navy.
USS England CG-22 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | Leahy Class Guided Missile Cruiser |
| Commissioned | December 7, 1963 |
| Displacement | 5,600 tons |
| Length | 533 feet |
| Beam | 53.6 feet |
| Draft | 25.3 feet |
| Speed | 34 knots |
| Complement | 377 |