The USS Clarke County (LST 601) was a tank landing ship constructed during World War II, a period marked by significant advancements in engineering and shipbuilding. The vessel was built on November 6, 1943, at the Chicago Bridge and Iron Company in Seneca, Illinois, a prominent shipyard known for producing LSTs. The ship was launched on March 17, 1944, and officially commissioned into the United States Navy on April 3, 1944. The construction of LST 601 was intended to enhance the Navy's capabilities for operations in the Pacific Theater, particularly during island-hopping campaigns.
Named after Clarke County—a designation shared by several counties across various U.S. states, including Alabama, Georgia, Iowa, Mississippi, and Virginia—the naming convention for LSTs reflected their service-oriented purpose. The name Clarke County was chosen to honor the collective contributions of these regions during wartime, symbolizing unity and a common purpose.
The USS Clarke County was distinguished by its design, specifically tailored for amphibious missions. The vessel measured 328 feet in length with a beam of 50 feet, displacing approximately 1,625 tons when fully loaded. It was equipped with a bow door and a ramp that facilitated the deployment of tanks, vehicles, and troops directly onto shore. The vessel's flat-bottomed hull allowed it to beach itself and unload cargo in shallow waters, a crucial feature for executing amphibious assaults.
The impact of the USS Clarke County on the U.S. Navy is significant, highlighting the importance of LSTs during World War II and beyond. These vessels played vital roles in amphibious operations, including the Normandy D-Day invasion and various Pacific island campaigns. The success of LSTs like the Clarke County underscored the effectiveness of amphibious operations and logistical support in warfare, shaping naval strategy and ship design for years to come.
As a member of the LST 542 class, the USS Clarke County represented advancements over earlier LST models. The LST 542 class featured enhancements such as a reinforced bow door, improved ventilation systems, and increased armament for self-defense. These ships were specifically designed to transport and deploy a range of assets, including tanks, trucks, troops, and supplies, making them versatile tools for amphibious warfare. The primary objective of the LST 542 class was to provide support for large-scale amphibious operations, ensuring that ground forces had the necessary equipment and supplies to sustain their activities upon landing.
Upon its commissioning, the USS Clarke County entered service and played a crucial role in various significant operations during World War II. The crew, composed of sailors and officers, worked diligently to maintain the vessel's readiness for any required action. The commissioning ceremony was a moment filled with pride and anticipation, as the ship was formally accepted into the Navy and prepared to fulfill its mission. Throughout its service, the USS Clarke County exemplified the strength and adaptability of the U.S. Navy, contributing to amphibious operations that ultimately led to Allied victory.
Steel Titan of the Seas: Unveiling the Structure, Technology, and Armament of USS Clarke County LST-601
The USS Clarke County (LST 601) was a tank landing ship utilized by the United States Navy to support a variety of operations. Its design enabled the transport of vehicles, cargo, and troops to shore, although its flat-bottomed hull resulted in decreased stability in rough seas. The vessel measured 328 feet in length and 50 feet in beam, with a draft of 14 feet. When fully loaded, it had a displacement of 4,080 tons and could carry a payload of up to 2,100 tons, including tanks and trucks.
In terms of technology, the USS Clarke County was equipped with a bow door and ramp for efficient unloading operations. It was powered by two General Motors 12-567 diesel engines, which collectively generated 1,700 horsepower, enabling the ship to achieve a maximum speed of 12 knots. Additionally, it featured an anchor for beach retrieval and unloading operations. The ship's design included ballast tanks that could be filled with water to lower the vessel in the water, facilitating the loading and unloading of cargo.
Regarding armament, the USS Clarke County was equipped with a range of weapons to defend against air and surface threats. Its primary armament consisted of two 40mm gun mounts, effective against low-flying aircraft and small surface vessels. Furthermore, the ship was outfitted with six 20mm Oerlikon cannons for enhanced defense. These weapons were strategically positioned around the vessel to provide comprehensive coverage, ensuring protection during operations, particularly while unloading onshore.
The armament of the USS Clarke County was complemented by radar and communication systems appropriate for its era. The ship was equipped with an air search radar capable of detecting aircraft from a distance, providing early warning to prepare for potential threats. The onboard communication systems facilitated coordination with other naval vessels and ground forces during amphibious operations.
The technological advancements of the USS Clarke County ensured its capability to effectively transport troops and equipment in various operational environments while safeguarding itself against hostile threats.
USS Clarke County LST-601 Crew Member Reports of Time Aboard
The USS Clarke County (LST-601) holds a special place in the hearts of its former crew members, as evidenced by the memories shared in its guestbook. These recollections span various years and roles, painting a vivid picture of life aboard the ship during its service.
Bill Berryman, who served as an EN2 in 1969, began his tour in Vietnam on the Hickman County (LST-801) before transferring to the Clarke County when the Hickman County was sold to the Philippine Navy. He fondly recalls serving alongside his friend Bob Michael, with whom he had joined the Navy.
John Castiglione, an EN3 in 1969, is on a quest to reconnect with his former colleagues from the Main and Auxiliary Engine rooms, including Richard Wobbe, Fred Lanzer, Lurch, Spencer, Lanelli, and Dietrich. His search underscores the strong bonds formed among the crew members during their service.
Thomas Daly, who served as an ET1 in 1966, highlights the camaraderie that continues to this day with a reunion announcement. Scheduled for June 3-5 at the Drury Inn in Evansville, IN, the reunion promises to bring together many old shipmates, a testament to the enduring friendships forged aboard the Clarke County.
Alan Johnson, a LT in 1968, recalls reporting aboard the ship as it returned to Guam after sustaining damage in South Vietnam. Serving as the Executive Officer and Navigator, he has preserved scanned pictures from his time on the ship and is eager to share them. He is also seeking information about the ship's port calls and activities during 1969, indicating a deep interest in the ship's operational history.
Lonnie Kulesia, an E3 Fireman in 1965, reminisces about the friendships he formed and the joy of sharing care packages sent by his mother with the crew. As the engine man on the starboard LCVP landing craft, his memories reflect the close-knit nature of the crew and the small acts of kindness that made their service more bearable.
Howard Shrum, who served as an IC1 in 1970, transferred to the Clarke County from the Tutuila in Vietnam. He played a significant role in taking the ship back to the United States for its transfer to the Indonesian Navy in May 1970, marking the end of an era for the Clarke County under the U.S. flag.
Lloyd Whittaker, a BM2 in 1965, recounts his service on the Clarke County following two cruises aboard the USS St. Clair County (LST-1096) in San Diego. He joined the Clarke County in December 1965 for pre-commissioning training, shakedown, and subsequent duty in South Vietnam, highlighting the ship's active role in the conflict.
These shared memories from the USS Clarke County's crew members offer a rich tapestry of experiences, from the bonds of friendship and the challenges of wartime service to the enduring connections that continue to bring former shipmates together.
USS Clarke County LST-601: Evolution of a Naval Workhorse and Its Enduring Legacy
The USS Clarke County (LST 601) exemplified versatility by serving as a command hub, a medical evacuation platform, and a logistical support vessel. This flexibility proved invaluable in both combat and humanitarian operations. The USS Clarke County made significant contributions to the fleet, participating in missions such as the invasion of Southern France during World War II, which facilitated the swift deployment of Allied troops. In the post-war era, the ship continued its distinguished service through various training exercises and operational readiness activities, enhancing the Navy's amphibious capabilities.
Throughout the Vietnam War, the USS Clarke County was instrumental in riverine and coastal operations, providing essential support to ground troops and contributing to the overall success of U.S. military efforts in the region. Its capacity to adapt to evolving mission requirements underscored its enduring importance to the Navy.
In essence, the USS Clarke County embodied the resilience and adaptability of the U.S. fleet. Through upgrades and enhancements, it maintained operational efficiency across multiple decades and conflicts. The versatile nature of its missions enabled it to undertake a wide range of tasks, from assisting in combat situations to providing aid during crises. The valuable role of the USS Clarke County within the fleet, demonstrated through its involvement in diverse missions and its ability to respond to changing needs, highlights its lasting impact as a key component of the U.S. Navy's amphibious warfare strategy.
USS Clarke County LST-601: A Legacy of Valor and Service on the High Seas
The USS Clarke County (LST 601) made significant contributions to important military operations throughout its service. Initially deployed during World War II, the vessel participated in the European Theater, notably taking part in the invasion of Southern France in August 1944. This mission, known as Operation Dragoon, was instrumental in liberating occupied France and establishing a front against Nazi Germany. The ship's capability to land troops, vehicles, and supplies on the beaches underscored the strategic importance of Landing Ships, Tank (LSTs) in amphibious warfare.
Following World War II, the USS Clarke County continued its service during the Korean War. Reactivated in 1950 in response to North Korea's invasion of South Korea, the ship played a pivotal role in amphibious assaults, including the renowned Inchon Landing in September 1950, which shifted the momentum in favor of United Nations forces. Demonstrating its versatility and reliability, the ship transported equipment and personnel to support frontline operations, contributing significantly to the reclamation of Seoul and the stabilization of the Korean Peninsula.
Throughout both wartime and peacetime, the USS Clarke County was actively involved in training exercises and humanitarian missions. It participated in NATO drills aimed at enhancing cooperation among allied forces and assisted in disaster relief efforts following natural calamities. These missions highlighted the ship's versatility and its importance to the U.S. Navy and its partners.
The exemplary service of the USS Clarke County did not go unnoticed; it received numerous awards for its performance. During World War II, the vessel earned a battle star for its involvement in the Southern France campaign. In the Korean War, it was honored with two battle stars for its operational contributions. Additionally, the ship received the Navy Unit Commendation in recognition of its bravery and accomplishments. These accolades serve as a testament to the enduring impact of the USS Clarke County and the dedication of its crew over the years.
USS Clarke County LST-601 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | LST-542 Class Tank Landing Ship |
| Commissioned | March 25, 1944 |
| Displacement | 4,145 tons |
| Length | 328 feet |
| Beam | 50 feet |
| Draft | 14.1 feet |
| Speed | 12 knots |
| Complement | 7 Officers 104 Enlisted |