The USS Braxton (APA 138) was a ship belonging to the Haskell class of attack transports, constructed during World War II. Built at the California Shipbuilding Corporation in Wilmington, Los Angeles, construction began in August 1944, and the ship was officially launched on October 17, 1944. The development of the USS Braxton contributed to the production of ships necessary for supporting amphibious operations, which were crucial to the Allied strategy in the Pacific Theater. Mrs. J.W. Fowler sponsored the ship, which was formally commissioned into service with the United States Navy in December 1944 under Captain W.S. Campbell's command.
This vessel was named after Braxton County in West Virginia, following a tradition among Haskell class ships that were typically named after U.S. counties. The county itself honors Carter Braxton, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. Such naming practices aimed to cultivate a sense of pride and connection between these ships and American citizens from regions associated with their namesakes. The USS Braxton embodied strength and resolve during a period marked by global conflict.
Noteworthy characteristics of the USS Braxton included its design, specifically crafted for warfare. Haskell class ships were based on the design of the VC2-S-AP5 Victory ship, striking a balance between speed, cargo capacity, and sturdiness. The USS Braxton was outfitted with landing craft, such as LCVPs (Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel) and LCMs (Landing Craft, Mechanized), for ferrying troops and equipment from ship to shore during amphibious assaults. The vessel also featured facilities to provide immediate care to injured soldiers during and after landings.
The USS Braxton's impact on the U.S. Navy is notable for its contributions to pivotal operations in World War II. As an attack transport, this ship played a key role in executing amphibious assaults vital to the Allies' island-hopping strategy in the Pacific Theater. By delivering troops, gear, and provisions to contested beaches, it contributed to securing victories in key battles. The service of the USS Braxton underscored the importance of reliable transport vessels in contemporary warfare, shaping the design and deployment of amphibious ships for generations to come.
Belonging to the Haskell class—a variant of the Victory ship design tailored for specific requirements—the USS Braxton showcased exceptional performance during its tenure. The primary goal of these vessels was to transport troops and their gear to enemy shores, enabling prompt deployment into battle. Haskell class ships were designed for speed and agility, boasting a speed of 17 knots to meet the logistical demands of wartime operations. Their design also facilitated efficient loading and unloading, sustaining the momentum of amphibious campaigns.
Officially put into service on December 29, 1944, the USS Braxton quickly became an asset to the U.S. Navy's operations. Its commissioning marked the start of a duty during which it played vital roles in various significant missions in the Pacific Theater. The crew aboard the USS Braxton, comprising both seasoned sailors and fresh recruits, worked diligently to keep the ship combat-ready at all times. Their unwavering commitment and hard work were pivotal in ensuring the ship's success, significantly contributing to the triumphs of the Allied forces in World War II.
USS Braxton APA-138: A Deep Dive into the Engineering Marvel and Arsenal of a Naval Workhorse
The USS Braxton (APA 138) served as a Haskell class attack transport specifically designed to ferry troops and their gear to enemy shores during operations. These ships were constructed on the hulls of Victory ships, ensuring a dependable foundation. Measuring 455 feet long, with a beam of 62 feet and a draft of 24 feet, the USS Braxton had the capacity to transport troops and equipment without compromising speed or maneuverability, which was crucial in combat situations. The ship's structure prioritized space for troop accommodations and functional areas, including command centers and storage spaces for supplies.
In terms of technology, the USS Braxton featured advanced navigation and communication systems for its era. Equipped with radar and sonar capabilities for detecting enemy ships and submarines, these systems ensured safe navigation in potentially hostile waters. The communication setup facilitated coordination with vessels in the fleet and ground forces during amphibious assaults. Powered by a steam turbine engine, the ship could reach speeds of 17 knots, relying on its speed to swiftly deploy troops and avoid enemy threats.
For defense, the USS Braxton was armed with a range of weapons, including a 5-inch/38 caliber dual-purpose gun capable of engaging both air and surface targets. It also featured 40mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns and 20mm Oerlikon cannons, strategically positioned for comprehensive defensive coverage. Crews operated these weapons to counter any airborne or surface threats that could jeopardize the ship's safety and mission.
In addition to its armament, the USS Braxton had the capability to launch landing craft vital for operations. Various types of landing craft, such as LCVPs (Landing Craft, Vehicle, Personnel) and LCMs (Landing Craft, Mechanized), were utilized to transport troops, vehicles, and equipment from the ship to shore. The efficient deployment of these craft was facilitated by the ship's davits and well deck, enabling quick launching and recovery processes. This capability was essential for the success of assaults, allowing for the reinforcement of troops on shore and frequently surprising the enemy, thereby establishing a base for future maneuvers.
USS Braxton APA-138: Evolution of a Naval Workhorse and Its Legacy in Maritime Operations
The USS Braxton (APA 138) underwent upgrades during its service life to ensure it remained a valuable asset to the U.S. Navy. Initially put into service in 1944 as a Haskell class attack transport, the vessel was equipped with navigation and communication systems for its time. Over the years, the Braxton received enhancements such as upgraded radar systems, improved anti-aircraft weaponry, and better propulsion systems. These upgrades not only prolonged the ship's lifespan but also enhanced its ability to carry out various missions in both combat and peacetime settings.
The mission capabilities of the USS Braxton were diverse, adapting to the evolving needs of the U.S. Navy. Originally designed to transport troops and equipment during assaults, the Braxton could accommodate up to 1,500 troops along with their gear. Its well deck and landing craft enabled the deployment of personnel and vehicles onto hostile shores. As naval warfare tactics changed, the Braxton took on additional roles, serving as a command center during large-scale amphibious operations and providing logistical support for post-war reconstruction efforts. The Navy heavily relied on the ship's adaptability to execute its strategies effectively.
The USS Braxton played a significant role in operations during World War II, notably in the Battle of Okinawa, where it successfully transported troops and supplies despite facing intense enemy resistance. After the war, the Braxton continued to serve in Operation Magic Carpet, assisting in bringing soldiers back from the Pacific region. Beyond combat duties, the ship also engaged in disaster relief missions, showcasing its versatility and utility during peacetime.
The exemplary service history of the Braxton is a testament to its dependability and the expertise of its crew. In essence, the USS Braxton (APA 138) symbolized the flexibility and strength of America’s forces specializing in operations. Through upgrades, it maintained state-of-the-art capabilities and readiness for mission requirements. Its pivotal role during World War II and subsequent peacekeeping endeavors highlighted its significance within the Navy and emphasized the importance of Haskell class attack transports.
The enduring legacy of the USS Braxton embodies commitment and service, mirroring the overarching mission of the U.S. Navy to safeguard both peacetime and wartime interests.
USS Braxton APA-138: A Chronicle of Valor and Service on the High Seas
The USS Braxton (APA 138) played a vital role in critical operations during its service with the United States Navy. Commissioned near the end of World War II, the ship was first sent to the Pacific Theater, where it participated in various phases of the conflict against Japan. It was instrumental in moving troops and equipment, ensuring that Allied forces maintained their momentum as the war drew to a close. After Japan's surrender, the USS Braxton assisted with occupation duties to help stabilize the region and facilitate the transition to peacetime.
During the Korean War, the USS Braxton was recommissioned to support United Nations forces in their efforts to push back Chinese advances. Its primary task involved transporting troops, supplies, and equipment to conflict areas, providing essential support for frontline units. The ship's ability to quickly deploy and move forces was crucial given the unpredictable nature of the conflict. The contributions of the USS Braxton were pivotal in operations such as the Inchon Landing, which shifted momentum in favor of UN forces.
Beyond its combat missions, the USS Braxton also participated in peacetime drills and humanitarian efforts. The naval vessel took part in various training exercises aimed at maintaining the Navy's assault capabilities. These drills often involved collaboration with allied navies, strengthening partnerships and cooperation. The USS Braxton was also called upon to offer aid during disasters and humanitarian crises, showcasing its versatility and the U.S. Navy's commitment to helping others.
Throughout its history, the USS Braxton received numerous awards and accolades that reflected both the ship's outstanding performance and the dedication of its crew. Honors included the World War II Victory Medal, the Korean Service Medal with battle stars, and the Navy Occupation Service Medal. These recognitions celebrated not only the ship's successes but also highlighted the courage and professionalism of those who served on board.
The enduring legacy of the USS Braxton stands as a tribute to the values of duty, honor, and country upheld by the United States Navy.
USS Braxton APA-138 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | Haskell Class Attack Transport |
| Commissioned | December 29, 1944 |
| Displacement | 14,837 tons |
| Length | 455 feet |
| Beam | 62 feet |
| Draft | 24 feet |
| Speed | 17.7 knots |
| Complement | 56 Officers 480 Enlisted |