The USS Becuna (SS 319) is a Balao-class submarine built during World War II, a period marked by advancements in technology and ship construction. Its keel was laid on April 29, 1943, at the Electric Boat Company in Groton, Connecticut, a renowned shipyard for submarines. The USS Becuna was launched on January 30, 1944, and entered service with the United States Navy on May 27, 1944, under the command of Lieutenant Commander H. D. Sturr. Its construction aimed to strengthen the U.S. Navy's submarine fleet, which played a critical role in the Pacific Theater during the war. The vessel is named after the becuna fish, known for its agility and sharp teeth—traits symbolizing its intended purpose in warfare. This choice reflects the stealthy nature of the submarine, designed for hunting down and eliminating enemy vessels at sea. The selection of such a namesake underscores submarines' strategic significance in disrupting enemy supply routes and gathering intelligence—a role the USS Becuna excelled at throughout its service.
The USS Becuna stands out for its Balao-class design, which marked a significant advancement from earlier submarine models. These submarines were known for increased diving capabilities and extended endurance. Alongside its sister ships, the USS Becuna boasted ten torpedo tubes: six in the front and four in the back, with a capacity to carry up to 24 torpedoes. It was also armed with a 5-inch deck gun and various anti-aircraft weapons, making it a formidable force both below and above the water's surface. The USS Becuna has left a lasting impact on the U.S. Navy through its wartime missions and post-war contributions. Throughout World War II, this submarine completed five patrols in the Pacific, playing a crucial role in sinking enemy vessels and disrupting naval operations. After the war, the USS Becuna continued to serve in various capacities, including training duties and anti-submarine warfare exercises. Its enduring service record and adaptability highlight the versatility and lasting significance of Balao-class submarines.
As part of the Balao-class group designed for patrols and offensive maneuvers against enemy ships, the USS Becuna holds a prominent place in naval history. The primary goal of these submarines was to carry out reconnaissance missions, engage enemy ships, and provide crucial intelligence while disrupting supply routes. The Balao-class submarines represented an advancement over the Gato class, featuring enhanced hull strength and improved underwater performance, enabling them to operate effectively across the vast Pacific Ocean. Launched on May 27, 1944, the USS Becuna quickly became an asset to the U.S. Navy's submarine fleet. Its launch coincided with a period of intense activity in the Pacific, emphasizing the critical importance of successful submarine missions. The USS Becuna's entry into service marked the beginning of a career that involved participation in naval battles and substantial contributions to the Allied war effort, representing innovation and strategic planning within the U.S. Navy's submarine warfare tactics during World War II.
USS Becuna SS-319: A Deep Dive into the Structure, Technology, and Armament of a Silent Sentinel
The USS Becuna (SS 319) belongs to the Balao-class submarine category, known for its construction and valuable contributions during World War II. These submarines represented an advancement over the Gato-class vessels, featuring a reinforced pressure hull that enabled them to dive to depths of up to 400 feet. The USS Becuna's hull was made of high-tensile steel, providing increased strength and resistance against pressures and enemy attacks. Measuring 311 feet in length, with a beam of 27 feet and a draft of 17 feet, it commanded a notable presence in the water. Its sleek hull design reduced hydrodynamic resistance, allowing for speed and maneuverability in both offensive and defensive operations.
In terms of technology, the USS Becuna was outfitted with cutting-edge systems for its era, including sonar and radar technology that significantly enhanced its detection and tracking capabilities. The submarine's sonar system featured both active and passive components, enabling it to pinpoint enemy vessels and navigate challenging terrains with precision. The radar system, situated on top of the periscope, allowed the crew to spot and engage targets from a distance by detecting surface vessels.
The USS Becuna was powered by four General Motors Model 16-248 diesel engines, which operated generators that charged the submarine's batteries, powering motors for underwater movement to avoid detection. Its armament was designed for versatility and effectiveness. It had ten torpedo tubes, with six in the bow and four in the stern, capable of launching Mark 14 and reliable Mark 18 electric torpedoes that could cause significant damage to enemy vessels. The submarine could carry up to 24 torpedoes for patrols and engagements.
In addition to torpedoes, it was equipped with a 5-inch/25 caliber deck gun for surface combat and shore bombardment. The deck gun was supported by anti-aircraft weapons, including 40mm and 20mm cannons, for defense against enemy aircraft. To further enhance its weaponry, the USS Becuna had the capability to lay mines. During World War II, it utilized Mark 12 and Mark 27 mines to establish minefields that posed a threat to enemy shipping routes, aiming to disrupt supply chains and limit the movements of enemy forces.
With its arsenal of torpedoes, deck guns, anti-aircraft weapons, and mines, the USS Becuna proved to be a formidable opponent in the Pacific Theater. Its advanced technology and powerful weaponry enabled it to carry out missions ranging from reconnaissance and patrol duties to direct confrontations with enemy ships, significantly contributing to the successes of the United States Navy during that time.
USS Becuna SS-319 Crew Member Reports of Time Aboard
The USS Becuna (SS-319) holds a special place in the hearts of its former crew members, as evidenced by the memories shared in its guestbook. These recollections paint a vivid picture of life aboard the submarine, highlighting both the camaraderie and the challenges faced by the sailors.
Ron Oyer served on the USS Becuna in 1968 as an Engineman Second Class (EN2). His time on the submarine was brief, as the allure of the beach led him to fall behind in his qualifications. This setback, however, did not mark the end of his naval career. Oyer reenlisted, attended Engineman Class-C school, and subsequently served on the LSTs 603 and 1073. His journey reflects the sometimes winding path of naval service, where initial missteps can lead to new opportunities and growth.
Arlin Dale Patterson, who served as an Interior Communications Electrician Second Class (IC2) in 1966, has vivid memories of his time aboard the Becuna. He recalls standing watch in the control room with a shipmate known as Shorty, under the leadership of Chief of the Boat (COB) Chief Reedy. Patterson's service extended from 1966 to the end of 1968, during which he earned his Dolphins and took on responsibilities in the electrical maneuvering room. He is particularly keen on reconnecting with George Pike, another IC man from the same period, and other shipmates, underscoring the lasting bonds formed during their service.
Charles Tompkins' tenure on the USS Becuna dates back to 1955 when he reported as a Seaman Apprentice (SA). Under the guidance of Gunner Martell, the COB at the time, Tompkins experienced significant milestones. He fondly remembers the good liberty times in Havana and a Mediterranean cruise. During his service, he earned his Dolphins, advanced to Yeoman Third Class (YN3), and was subsequently transferred to the USS Sea Robin. Remarkably, Tompkins returned to the Becuna 13 years later and achieved the rank of Chief, illustrating a full-circle moment in his naval career.
These shared memories from the USS Becuna's crew members offer a glimpse into the life aboard the submarine, marked by personal growth, enduring friendships, and the unique experiences that come with naval service.
The enhancements made during the GUPPY conversion significantly boosted the USS Becuna's ability to operate stealthily and gather intelligence, enabling her to monitor submarines and acquire information about their maneuvers and strategies. The submarine also engaged in various fleet drills and simulated warfare scenarios, sharpening her crew's skills and ensuring readiness for any conflicts. The USS Becuna's impact on the U.S. Navy and strategic landscape was profound. Throughout World War II, she undertook five combat patrols in the Pacific Theater, successfully sinking or damaging enemy ships and earning four battle stars for her service.
Beyond the war period, her role in the Cold War era was equally noteworthy, as she provided intelligence support and acted as a deterrent against naval activities. The Becuna's involvement in fleet exercises advanced submarine warfare tactics and technologies, benefiting not only her crew but also enhancing capabilities across the entire submarine fleet. Her operational history underscores the adaptability and resilience of America’s submarine forces.
In essence, the USS Becuna (SS-319) embodies the evolution of military operations and ongoing advancements in technology. Transitioning from a combatant during World War II to a vital player in the Cold War, the Becuna's upgrades and mission capabilities reflect shifts in the U.S. Navy's strategic objectives over time. Her legacy endures not just in the archives of history, but as a museum ship, serving as a source of learning and inspiration for future generations about the significance of naval strength and technological progress.
USS Becuna SS-319: Silent Sentinel of the Seas - A Chronicle of Valor and Victory
The USS Becuna (SS-319) has a distinguished service history, marked by significant contributions to key conflicts. Launched in May 1944, this Balao-class submarine played a crucial role during World War II. Across five war patrols in the Pacific Theater, the Becuna was instrumental in disrupting enemy operations. From reconnaissance missions to rescuing downed aviators and launching attacks on enemy ships, her stealth and firepower made her a formidable adversary. Credited with sinking multiple vessels, she greatly aided Allied efforts to disrupt Japan's supply routes.
After World War II, the USS Becuna continued its service throughout the Cold War. It underwent modernization through the GUPPY (Greater Underwater Propulsion Power Program) initiative to enhance its capabilities and speed for evolving naval scenarios. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Becuna was deployed several times to monitor naval activities and gather crucial intelligence. Its presence in the Atlantic and Mediterranean played a role in America’s strategy to counter emerging threats. The submarine’s ability to operate undetected highlighted its importance during this tense period.
The USS Becuna has received numerous awards and recognitions for its performance and the bravery of its crew. With four battle stars earned during World War II, the submarine demonstrated its effectiveness in combat and contributed to the Allied victory. It was also honored with the Navy Unit Commendation for exceptional performance during its war patrols, showcasing remarkable skill and determination in challenging situations. These accolades reflect the submarine's excellence and the dedication of its crew.
In 1976, acknowledging its significance and outstanding service, the USS Becuna was preserved as a museum ship. It is now housed at the Independence Seaport Museum in Philadelphia, offering visitors a connection to the sacrifices and achievements of U.S. Navy submariners. Exploring this submarine allows visitors to gain insight into the lives of submariners during critical moments in history. The legacy of the USS Becuna serves as an inspiration for generations, honoring the courage and dedication of those who served onboard.
USS Becuna SS-319 Ship Specifications
| Specification | Details |
|---|---|
| Class | Balao Class Submarine |
| Commissioned | May 27, 1944 |
| Displacement | 2,414 tons |
| Length | 311.9 feet |
| Beam | 27.3 feet |
| Draft | 15.3 feet |
| Speed | 20.25 knots |
| Complement | 66 |